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This course is the first of two Forestry courses (Silviculture and Forest Renewal), which together explain how reforestation in Ontario is carried out to manage both Boreal and Great Lakes- St. Lawrence forest region tree species. As an introduction to Ontario reforestation methods, policies which affect silviculture will be described. The silvics of important forest trees will be presented as they affect the regeneration of these species. Harvesting methods as they affect regeneration, preparing sites for artificial or natural regeneration and carrying out direct seeding operations will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the ecosystem approach to silviculture and low impact natural forest regeneration systems will be introduced.